Several studies indicated that morphine administration impairs cognitive brain functions. Therefore, in the current study, we investigated the effect of subchronic exposure to morphine and its withdrawal on effort- and/or delay-based forms of cost-benefit decision making and alterations in p-CREB/CREB ratio, p-GSK3 beta/GSK3 beta ratio, and BDNF level during decision making in the amygdala. Our data displayed an impairment of both forms of cost-benefit decision making following subchronic exposure to morphine. However, preference of high reward/high effort and/or high delay reward increased after naloxone injection. In molecular section, levels of BDNF and p-CREB/CREB ratio increased during cost-benefit decision making while p-GSK3 beta/GSK3 beta ratio decreased in both forms of decision making. In morphine-treated rats, level of BDNF and p-CREB/CREB ratio reduced during both forms of decision making while p-GSK3 beta/GSK3 beta ratio increased during delay-based and did not have a significant difference with the control group during effort-based decision making. On the withdrawal day, BDNF level raised while p-GSK3 beta/GSK3 beta ratio attenuated compared to morphine-treated group in both form of decision making. In addition, p-CREB/CREB ratio increased only during delay-based decision making on the withdrawal day. In conclusion, our data revealed that subchronic exposure to morphine interferes with the cost-benefit decision making may be via changes in level of BDNF, p-CREB/CREB and p-GSK3 beta/GSK3 beta ratio in the amygdala.
Fuente:
NEUROBIOLOGY OF LEARNING AND MEMORY
Palabras clave:
Decision making; Morphine; Amygdala; BDNF; p-GSK3 beta/GSK3 beta ratio; p-CREB/CREB ratio